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Founded in 782 BC, Yerevan just happened to be celebrating its 2,800th birthday this year!

The last stop in our 23-day tour of the Caucasus was in the Armenian capital of Yerevan. I was in Yerevan for a couple days 32 years ago while studying in the Soviet Union. Like so many places in the former USSR, I found Yerevan to have changed dramatically in some ways, while still somehow retaining much of its Soviet feel.

We never got around to visiting Castro Shame Bar, though I was intrigued

I was shopping for soap but decided against this brand

Remarkably well preserved pots from 4,500 BC attest to Armenia’s very long history

Gone are the universally drab clothes of communist days. But while people are more stylish now, they wear a lot of almost mournful black and grey. Tons of shiny Mercedes line the streets, but mixed in with a surprising number of crumbling old Soviet Ladas that look like they were on their last legs decades ago. Grand Soviet edifices grace the center of the city, some of them even beautifully renovated. But shabby mass housing projects still linger around the edges.

And the Russian presence remains stronger than I expected. On the street I heard as much Russian as anything else. Russian language is ubiquitous on menus, storefronts, and movie posters. Most people working in hotels and restaurants are at least bilingual (Armenian and Russian) and often trilingual (with English). I found myself surprised when I’d ask a concierge in the hotel to make a dinner reservation, and he’d call the restaurant and conduct the whole conversation in Russian.

Like the other two Caucasian capitals (Baku and Tbilisi), we found Yerevan to be lively, attractive, bustling, and fun. There were plenty of good restaurant choices, loads of public art, and lots of well maintained parks, squares, and promenades.

But our favorite surprise in Yerevan was a dramatic indoor/outdoor arts complex called the Cafesjian Center for the Arts. The Center is built into and around the Yerevan Cascade, a massive set of staircases and fountains that climbs up a hill from the city center to some monuments at the top. The Cascade itself was begun in the 1970s, though it remained incomplete and was in a terrible state of disrepair until the early 2000s, when an Armenian-American businessman and philanthropist named Gerard Cafesjian used his own funds to complete its construction, along with the art center itself.

The result is what The New York Times described as “a mad work of architectural megalomania and architectural recovery… one of the strangest and most spectacular museum buildings to open in ages.” A pedestrian mall at the bottom of the Cascade is filled with sculptures. More artworks line the steps of the Cascade itself, and interior galleries linked by series of escalators run along the edges of the Cascade. It’s all fascinating to look at — and unlike anything we’ve seen before.

There is one other very special presence in Yerevan, something we didn’t get a glimpse of until we were climbing the Cascade itself on the first day when the skies cleared: the spectacular snow-capped Mount Ararat. It looms large over the city, even though it’s actually in Turkey (or in what locals might call Turkish-occupied Armenia). Every time we’d catch sight of Ararat we’d be amazed again by its striking beauty.

Mt. Ararat has a very special presence in Yerevan, even though it’s technically in Turkey

Our visit started off on the wet and gloomy side, but the city was still quite attractive. Plus my rain coat brightens everything up.

And there I am at the bottom of the fascinating Yerevan Cascade

A sculpture by Colombian artist Fernando Botero in the pedestrian mall/sculpture garden below the Cascade

Artwork adorns every level of the Cascade as you climb the hill

One special exhibit in the Cafesjian Center featured works by an Iranian photographer, Shadi Ghadirian. These photos were part of a series I really liked.

Just another lively square in Yerevan

Cities across the former Soviet Union feature gritty underpasses, often filled with little shops, to get across big wide streets

The little church in the front is the Katoghike Holy Mother of God Church, dating from 1264. When it miraculously survived the 1679 Yerevan earthquake, they built a new, bigger church around it. But when the Soviets tore that church down in 1936, protests led them to spare the original church. The new, bigger church here is Saint Anna, built in the early 2010s.

The History Museum of Armenia is loaded with artifacts from the country’s long history. Some were a yawner, but we were fascinated by this wooden cart from the second millennium BC

The only mosque in Yerevan, the Blue Mosque was reconstructed in the 1990s with Iranian funds

We’ve loved much of the food throughout this region, including pkhali, a Georgian specialty of chopped vegetables and walnuts

Dinner at a really cool (and almost empty) wine bar/restaurant called Vinograd

One last glimpse of Mt. Ararat

The view from the Rooms Hotel terrace. That’s Mount Kazbek covered in snow with the town of Kazbegi in front and the even smaller town of Gergeti across the river.

Here we are now, finally high up in the Caucasus. These are serious mountains so a great place to celebrate my 63rd birthday and our 31st anniversary. Well, not quite perfect.

Mark, you see, was sick. Presumably something he ate during our stay in Sighnagi, probably the lunch in Telavi. Which doesn’t exactly make sense, as this region is the kind of place where you share dishes and I ate everything he did. However it happened, he was sick as a dog on the nearly five-hour drive up here, sick on my birthday, and sick on our anniversary. Not exactly ideal.

Still, it was a memorable and genuinely beautiful stop. There were three highlights from my perspective: Mt. Kazbek, the Gergeti Trinity Church high above the town, and a wonderful hotel.

First, though, a word about the name. Technically the town is called Stepantsminda, or St. Stephan’s, named for a monk who founded a hermitage here long, long ago. Starting in the early 19th century though the town started to be known as Kazbegi, the surname of the local lord who was loyal to the encroaching Russians. The Soviets formally changed the name of the town to Kazbegi in 1925, but then the Georgians formally changed it back to Stepantsminda in 2006. Notwithstanding that change to its historic roots, pretty much everyone, tourist and local alike, refers to it as Kazbegi. So that’s what we’re going with here.

The old bridge over the Terek River linking the little towns of Gergeti and Stepantsminda. Today it has been replaced by a very boring modern bridge, but thankfully they left this standing.

Now, back to the highlights. You really come to Kazbegi for one thing, to enjoy the mountains, and that we did. And to enjoy them properly, there is only one hotel to stay in, the Rooms Hotel Kazbegi. The hotel is an old Soviet-era tourist hotel so in theory you shouldn’t expect much; they weren’t exactly known for style and class. The owners, though, did a fabulous job creating this chic, happening, buzzy space that you can’t help but fall in love with. The lobby is massive, but rather than just being a big open space there are innumerable little spaces for sitting, relaxing, reading, chatting, eating, drinking … whatever. And those spaces are always occupied. Best of all, though, is the enormous outdoor terrace, chock full of couches and chairs, with stunning views of Mt. Kazbek. You can spend hours out there, again reading, chatting, drinking wine or whatever, with these great mountain views. And if it’s a little too chilly, particularly when the sun starts going down, they bring you blankets to wrap around yourself so you can enjoy it as long as possible.

The rooms are as small as you would expect a Soviet tourist hotel to be, but who wants to spend time in the room when you have all those mountains to explore?

And what about those mountains? From the hotel you look across the Terek River valley to Mount Kazbek which, at nearly 16,600 feet, is one of the highest peaks in the Caucasus. To put that in perspective, the highest peak in the contiguous U.S. is Mount Whitney in California’s Sierra Nevada at 14,500 feet so, yeah, Mount Kazbek is high. Important in history, too, since according to legend it was here on Mount Kazbek that Prometheus was chained to a rock as punishment for stealing fire from the Greek gods and giving it to humans; every day an eagle would come to eat his liver and every night it would grow back. Quite an unpleasant way to spend the ages but it worked out pretty well for the humans who finally had fire.

Another shot of the view from our hotel highlighting Gergeti Trinity Church, the first goal for my hike. First you have to walk down into the town, then you hike up around the left side of that hill the church is on to approach it from the rear.

Beyond providing a gorgeous backdrop for the Rooms Hotel terrace, there is some great hiking to be had here too. The main hike is to walk down to the valley floor at about 5,700 feet and then up to Gergeti Trinity Church at 7,100 feet. A pretty good hike, steep but not impossible. There is nothing particularly impressive about the church itself, but its isolated location with Mount Kazbek in the background makes for a stunning picture – it has become one of the key symbols of Georgia – while the view from the church once you get up there is worth the trip. (It’s worth noting that for the lame you can drive up to the church, too, but who would do that?)

Then, if you’re really ambitious, the trail keeps going on and on an on, up into the mountains, closer and closer to Mount Kazbek itself. So that’s what I did. Alone, sadly, as Mark was still recovering, but it was still a stunning hike. Apparently the trail continues up into a glacier on the side of Kazbek but I didn’t make it that far. I hiked for a few hours, including a delightful lunch break to finish reading a history of the Caucasus I’d been working on, finally turning around when I’d reached 9,300 feet, Way, way above the valley where I’d started. And then was reminded, of course, that the descent can be almost as brutal on your legs as the climb. By the time I got back to our hotel I was beat.

The view from near the end of my hike. On the left the arrow points to the church, which seemed so high when I started, while the arrow on the right points to the hotel where I started.

One fun story about the descent. I was coming down a long, gradual slope and saw way in front of me what appeared to be two people, one on his or her knees. As I approached it became clear it was indeed two people but now they were both standing, hugging. And then I realized that he must have just proposed to her. As I got closer they turned toward me, a cute young couple both just grinning from ear to ear. Without asking I congratulated them, offered to take their picture, and then left them to their joy. So sweet!

And that was Kazbegi. The next day I was a bit of a wreck – my Apple Watch said I’d climbed the equivalent of 305 flights of stairs, so I can be excused – and spent the day lounging in the comfy lobby chairs and then sitting out on the sunny terrace. Mark tried to tackle the climb to the church but was still weak from his stomach issues so he didn’t quite make it. All in all, though, Kazbegi/Stepantsminda fully lived up to the hype we’d read about. I can’t be too confident I’ll ever get back, but it was one of those great places to see at least once.

Mount Kazbek from high up on my hike

The “streets” of Gergeti

Some very chill cows along the trail

Here I am up at the Trinity Church, not yet sure if I was going to keep going. I did, along that ridge rising over my right shoulder, and loved the rest of the hike.

An old tower still standing along the climb to Trinity Church

This is up at about 9,000 feet elevation. The oddly shaped cross is the classic Georgian grapevine cross, the symbol of the Georgian Orthodox church. Legend has it that St. Nino, a Cappadocian woman who came to Georgia to preach the gospel in the 4th century, received the cross made of grape vine from Mary herself and secured it by wrapping it in her hair. I’m not absolutely convinced that’s true, but it makes a good story.

And a fountain in the largely forgettable town of Kazbegi

Elegant old walls and cobblestones in lovely Sighnaghi

From Sheki, Azerbaijan we did a 3-hour car trip over the border into Georgia and on to the lovely hilltop town of Signhaghi. Much more welcoming to tourists than Sheki, this town’s cobbled streets were bustling with life. We took an immediate liking to Georgia after the mild deprivations of Sheki.

After trying a couple house wines we stepped up to this bottle of “Friends’ Wine” (very local) at The Terrace restaurant. Big improvement.

A tiny town in itself, Sighnaghi serves as something of a tourist gateway to Georgia’s wine country. Georgia has long had a reputation for its winemaking. When I studied in the Soviet Union 32 years ago, whenever you saw wines they were from Georgia (though most people drank vodka). So we were looking forward to trying out the local brews.

The first couple tries were not a success at all. We’d have a glass of white with lunch or a carafe of red with dinner, and they were close to disasters. Then we climbed up the pricing scale a little and started to fare better. Once you get into the $8-10 a bottle range (in a restaurant) the wines started to do alright. Lesson: Even in Georgia, if the wine is running around $1 a glass, you might be making a mistake.

The highlight of our visit here was a day trip to see my old friend from Iowa, Sarah Dietch. We worked together for Senator Harkin years back, and Sarah is now doing a stint as a Peace Corps volunteer in Telavi, just an hour from Sighnaghi. It was great fun to come to Telavi to have a nice lunch and catch up on Georgia, politics, the Peace Corps, and various Harkinista friends.

Meeting up with Sarah in Telavi

Hiking up to The Terrace restaurant with great views above Sighnaghi

The atmospheric streets leading out of town

A memorial in the charming town center

The view from The Terrace restaurant

We think Georgian food is one of the best cuisines of the former Soviet Union

Weather during our stay was just gloomy enough to give the town a great atmosphere

How’s this cemetery for atmospheric?

After lunch with Sarah we paid a visit to this massive 900-year old plane tree in Telavi

Jim came across some fun graffiti

Romantic Georgian architecture under gloomy skies

A streetscape in Sighnaghi

More autumn gloom